By City
By Department
- IVF and Infertility
- Cardiology
- Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery
- Orthopedic
- Dental
- Dermatology
- Endocrinology
- ENT
- Gastroenterology
- Gynecology and Obstetrics
- Hematology
- Hepatology
- Nephrology
- Neurology
- Obesity and Bariatric Surgery
- Oncology
- Opthalmology
- Pulmonology
- Rheumatology
- Urology
- General Surgery
- Transplant Surgery
- Vascular Surgery
- Pediatrics
- Internal Medicine
- Spine Surgery
By Procedure
- Gastrectomy
- Pancreatectomy
- Bianchi Procedure
- Serial Transverse Enteroplasty (STEP)
- Stricturoplasty
- D2 Gastrectomy
- Whipple Procedure
- Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)
- Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication
- Appendectomy
- Biliary Drainage and Stenting
- Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair
- Inguinal Hernia Repair with Mesh
- Cardiomyotomy
- Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct (CBD) Exploration
- Colorectal Screening
- Portal Vein Embolization (PVE)
- Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
- Upper GI Endoscopy
- Esophagectomy
- Meckel's Diverticulectomy
- Foregut Surgery
- Fundoplication
- Gastric Suction (Stomach Pumping)
- Hemorrhoidectomy
- Hiatal Hernia Repair
- Ileoanal Anastomosis (J-Pouch) Surgery
- Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
- Laparoscopic Colon Resection
- Laparoscopic Splenectomy
- Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair
- Hemicolectomy
- Adhesion Lysis
- Low Anterior Resection
- Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
- Open Inguinal Hernia Repair
- Partial Colectomy
- Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM)
- Proctectomy
- Recurrent Hernia Surgery
- Retroperitoneum Surgery
- Robotic Hernia Surgery
- Small Bowel Resection
- Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy
- Subtotal Proctocolectomy
- Total Colectomy
- Umbilical Hernia Surgery
- Whipple Surgery
- Endoscopic Gastrostomy
- Pancreatic Surgery
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery
- Hemorrhoid Banding
- Colorectal Surgery
- Colonoscopy
- Cholecystectomy
- Abdominal Surgery
- Adrenalectomy (Adrenal Gland Removal)
- Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair
By Diseases
- Short Bowel Syndrome
- Portal Hypertension
- Acidity
- Hirschsprung's Disease
- Bloating
- Bowel Obstruction
- Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome (CACS)
- Cholecystitis
- Celiac Disease
- Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction (CIP)
- Enterocutaneous Fistula (ECF)
- Constipation
- Crohn's Disease
- Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
- Hepatomegaly (Enlarged Liver)
- Failure to Thrive (FTT)
- Gallbladder Stone
- Femoral Hernia
- Gastric Ulcer
- Gastritis
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Hemorrhoids
- Heartburn
- Hepatoblastoma
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
- Intestinal Ischemia
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
- Obstructive Jaundice
- Achalasia
- Pancreatitis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Polyposis Syndrome
- Portosystemic Shunt (PSS)
- Pancreatic Pseudocysts
- Rectum Perforation
- Right Hemicolectomy
- Sigmoid Volvulus
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Ventral Hernia
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
Top Hospitals
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi
- Artemis Hospital, Gurgaon
- BLK-Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi
- Medanta - The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon
- Fortis Memorial Research Institute (FMRI), Gurgaon
- Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata
- Manipal Hospital, Dwarka, Delhi
- Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka, New Delhi
- Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai
- MIOT International, Chennai
- Nanavati-Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mumbai
- Fortis Hospital, Greater Noida
- Fortis Hospital, Noida
- Aster MIMS, Calicut
- Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, Okhla, New Delhi
- MGM Healthcare, Chennai
- Primus Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi
- PSRI Multispeciality Hospital, Delhi
- Rela Hospital, Chennai
- Aster Medcity, Kochi
- Fortis Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital Formerly Columbia Asia, Palam Vihar, Gurgaon
- Fortis Hospital, Rajajinagar, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital Formerly Columbia Asia, Ghaziabad
- Institute of Brain and Spine Hospitals (IBS), New Delhi
- Fortis Hospital, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi
- Fortis Hospital, Cunningham Road, Bengaluru
- Indian Spinal Injuries Centre (ISIC), New Delhi
- Fortis Nagarbhavi, Bangalore
- Fortis Hospital, Richmond Road, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Dhakuria, Kolkata
- Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Broadway, Kolkata
- Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Mukundapur, Kolkata
- Charnock Hospital, Kolkata
- SIMS Hospital, Vadapalani, Chennai
- Apollo Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore
- HCG Cancer Centre, Bangalore (K.R. Road)
- Hosmat Hospital, Bangalore
- IRIS Multispeciality Hospital, Kolkata
- Rajagiri Hospital, Kochi
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi
- Max Smart Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi
- Venkateshwar Hospital, Dwaraka, Delhi
- Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi
- Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Vaishali, Ghaziabad
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, Delhi
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi
- Max Multi Speciality Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi
- Max Multi Speciality Centre, Noida
- Gleneagles BGS Hospital Kengeri, Bengaluru
- Max Hospital, Gurgaon
- Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi
- Amrita Hospital, Faridabad
- Manipal Hospital, Salt Lake, Kolkata
- Max Super Speciality Hospital Formerly Alexis Multispecialty Hospital, Nagpur
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mohali
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Bathinda
- Woodlands Hospital, Kolkata
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dehradun
- Calcutta Medical Research Institute | CK Birla Hospitals, Kolkata
- Manipal Hospital, Old Airport Road, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital, Doddaballapur, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital, Hebbal, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospitals, Jayanagar, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospitals, Malleshwaram, Bangalore
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai
- Manipal Hospital, Millers Road, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospitals, Whitefield, Bangalore
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Navi Mumbai
- Manipal Hospital, Varthur Road, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital, Yeshwanthpur, Bangalore
- Manipal Hospital, Jaipur
- Manipal Hospital, Vijayawada
- Manipal Hospital, Salem
- Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Bhubaneswar
- Manipal Hospital, Baner, Pune
- Manipal Hospital, Kharadi, Pune
- BCM Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Indore
- Manipal Hospital, Mysore
- KMC Hospitals Mangalore
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Marathahalli, Bengaluru
- Manipal Hospitals, Patiala
- Manipal Hospitals, Goa
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Bannerghatta, Bengaluru
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Hebbal, Bengaluru
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Hennur Road, Bengaluru
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Kailash Metta, Visakhapatnam
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Health City, Visakhapatnam
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Hyder Nagar, Hyderabad
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Secunderabad, Hyderabad
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, LB Nagar, Hyderabad
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Kondapur, Hyderabad
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Financial District, Hyderabad
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Himayat Nagar, Hyderabad
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad
- Apollo Cancer Centre, Teynampet, Chennai
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Guindy, Chennai
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Sholinganallur, Chennai
- Fortis Hospital, Anandapur, Kolkata
- Gleneagles HealthCity, Chennai
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Anna Nagar, Chennai
- Rainbow Children's Hospital & BirthRight, Governorpet, Vijayawada
- Gleneagles Hospital, Richmond Road, Bengaluru
- Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru
- Fortis Hospital, Kalyan, Mumbai
- Batra Hospital and Medical Research Center, New Delhi
- Aster RV Hospital, Bangalore
- Fortis Hospital, Mulund, Mumbai
- Aster Whitefield Hospital, Bangalore
- Hiranandani Fortis Hospital, Vashi, Mumbai
- S L Raheja Hospital, Mumbai
- Fortis Hospital & Kidney Institute, Gariahat, Kolkata
- Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka
- Gleneagles Hospital, Parel, Mumbai
- Medanta Abdur Razzaque Ansari Memorial Weavers' Hospital, Ranchi
- Asian Institute of Medical Sciences, Faridabad
- Fortis Escorts Hospital, Amritsar
- Fortis Hospital, Ludhiana
- Fortis Hospital, Mohali
- Fortis Escorts Hospital, Jaipur
- Shalby Sanar International Hospital, Gurgaon
- Jaypee Hospital, Noida
Enquire now in case of any assistance needed
Best Gastroenterology Hospitals in India
125 records found
No of Doctors: 42+ | No of Beds: 275
Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Dhakuria, Kolkata
Block-A, Scheme-L11, P-4&5, Gariahat Rd, Dhakuria, Ward Number 90, Kolkata, West Bengal 700029
India
No of Doctors: 42+
No of Beds: 275
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
Manipal Hospital in Dhakuria was established in 1996 as a joint venture between Kolkata's leading industrialists and physicians and the Government of West Bengal.
No of Doctors: 28+ | No of Beds: 220
Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Broadway, Kolkata
17, Lane, Central Park Road, Stadium Entrance Road, 16, Broadway Rd, opposite Salt Lake, JC Block, Sector 3, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700098
India
No of Doctors: 28+
No of Beds: 220
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
Manipal Hospital, renowned across India, operates in 17 cities. Its flagship hospital, Manipal Hospital, Broadway, Kolkata, was founded in 2001 and prioritizes excellence in multi-specialty healthcare. Accredited by NABH and NABL, it excels in various specialties, including cardiac science, neuroscience, and more.
Looking For the Best Gastroenterology Hospitals in India?
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No of Doctors: 53+ | No of Beds: 300
Manipal Hospital Formerly AMRI Hospital, Mukundapur, Kolkata
230, Pano Rd, behind Metro Cash n Carry, Purba Jadavpur, Mukundapur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700099
India
No of Doctors: 53+
No of Beds: 300
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
Manipal Hospital Mukundapur is a modern medical facility located just 300 meters off the EM Bypass.
No of Doctors: 37+ | No of Beds: 300
Charnock Hospital, Kolkata
BMC 195, Biswa Bangla Sarani, Dhalipara, Tegharia, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700157
India
No of Doctors: 37+
No of Beds: 300
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
With a 'Patient First' motto, Charnock Hospital specializes in high-end Tertiary and Quaternary care treatments. Accredited with NABL and NABH, the hospital has a state-of-the-art infrastructure with world-class medical equipment and full-time consultants.
No of Doctors: 77+ | No of Beds: 350
SIMS Hospital, Vadapalani, Chennai
Next to Vadapalani Metro Station, No.1, Jawaharlal Nehru Salai (100 Feet Road), Vadapalani Chennai – 600 026, Tamil Nadu, India
India
No of Doctors: 77+
No of Beds: 350
4
Super Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
SIMS Hospital, Chennai, renders 360-degree advanced tertiary healthcare services with multi-super specialty and state-of-the-art multi-organ transplant service.
No of Doctors: 1+ | No of Beds: 250
Apollo Hospital, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore
No 8, HCG Towers P, Kalinga Rao Rd, Sampangiram Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560027
India
No of Doctors: 1+
No of Beds: 250
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
Established in 2007, Apollo Hospital on Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore, is renowned for its modern facilities and commitment to utilizing cutting-edge medical technology to benefit patients.
No of Doctors: 1+ | No of Beds: 500
HCG Cancer Centre, Bangalore (K.R. Road)
58, Canal Circular Rd, Kadapara, Phool Bagan, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054
India
No of Doctors: 1+
No of Beds: 500
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
HCG Cancer Centre in Bangalore is a distinguished institution within the renowned HCG network, celebrated for its innovative treatment protocols and cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment technologies.
No of Doctors: 20+ | No of Beds: 500
Hosmat Hospital, Bangalore
45, Magrath Rd, Richmond Town, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560025
India
No of Doctors: 20+
No of Beds: 500
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
Hosmat Hospital Bangalore is a renowned and reputed multidisciplinary hospital in India, established in 1994.
Looking For the Best Gastroenterology Hospitals in India?
Get a Treatment Plan Within 1 Hour
No of Doctors: 74+ | No of Beds: 180
IRIS Multispeciality Hospital, Kolkata
No. 82, 1, Raja Subodh Chandra Mallick Rd, next to Big Bazaar, Vidyasagar Colony, Ganguly Bagan, Kolkata, West Bengal 700047
India
No of Doctors: 74+
No of Beds: 180
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
IRIS is a multi-specialty hospital in South Kolkata providing top-quality healthcare at a reasonable cost. The hospital specializes in orthopedics & joint replacement surgeries and has performed over 1000 successful surgeries, including complex hip & knee replacements for patients from distant places such as Malda, Murshidabad, Bangladesh, Bhutan, etc.
No of Doctors: 0+ | No of Beds: 500
Rajagiri Hospital, Kochi
Near GTN Junction, Munnar Rd, Chungamvely, Aluva, Kochi, Kerala 683112
India
No of Doctors: 0+
No of Beds: 500
4
Multi-Speciality: Cardiology, Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery, Dental, Dermatology, Endocrinology, ENT, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hematology, Hepatology
Rajagiri Hospital, founded in 2014 by the Rajagiri (CMI) group of institutions, is a prominent healthcare facility in South India. It has impacted the lives of almost 2 million people by providing quality and affordable healthcare. The institution offers compassionate care and utilizes state-of-the-art medical technology, becoming the leading quaternary care facility in the region.
Looking For the Best Gastroenterology Hospitals in India?
Get a Treatment Plan Within 1 Hour
Author
Doctor of Pharmacy
Dr. Deepanshu Siwach is a skilled clinical pharmacist with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree. He has 4+ years of experience and has worked with thousands of patients. He has been associated with some of the top hospitals, such as Artemis Gurgaon.
View ProfileDr. Deepanshu Siwach is a skilled clinical pharmacist with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree. He has 4+ years of experience and has worked with thousands of patients. He has been associated with some of the top hospitals, such as Artemis Gurgaon....
Reviewer
Director
Hepatologist, HPB and Liver Transplant Surgeon, Surgical Gastroenterologist
Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka, New Delhi
Dr. Ajitabh Srivastava is one of the best Hepatologists, Surgical Gastroenterologists, and Liver Transplant Surgeons in New Delhi. With over 26 years of experience, he has performed over 2500 liver transplant procedures. He specializes in hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery, gastrointestinal surgery, acute liver failure treatment, laparoscopic surgery, and gall bladder surgery....
Frequently Asked Questions
The top hospitals for gastro treatment and GI surgery in India are:
Many top hospitals in India are accredited by international organizations such as JCI (Joint Commission International) and NABH (National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers).
Indian gastroenterologists are highly skilled and have 20 to 50 years of experience. Many have trained or worked in top international institutions.
When selecting a gastroenterology hospital, consider the following:
- The reputation of the hospital and its specialists.
- Availability of advanced diagnostic tools (e.g., endoscopy, colonoscopy).
- Range of treatment options, including robotic and minimally invasive surgeries.
- Patient reviews and success rates.
- Facilities for international patients, including interpreters and accommodation.
Gastroenterology focuses on the digestive system, including the stomach, esophagus, small and large intestines, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and disorders of the rectum and anus.
Common diseases treated at the best gastro hospitals in India are:
- Acid reflux (GERD) and ulcers.
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and Crohn’s disease.
- Liver diseases like hepatitis, fatty liver, and cirrhosis.
- Pancreatitis and gallstones.
- Colorectal cancer and polyps.
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and celiac disease.
Leading hospitals in India offer advanced treatments such as radiofrequency for GERD, laparoscopic surgeries, pancreatic necrosectomy, restorative proctocolectomy, liver transplantation, and ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) for bile duct issues.
Many top hospitals, like Medanta and Fortis, offer robotic-assisted surgeries for gastrointestinal cancers, gallbladder issues, and hernias. Some of the most common robotic GI surgeries include robot-assisted colectomy, robot-assisted esophagectomy, robotic hernia repair, and robotic Whipple procedure.
The latest diagnostic services at the best gastroenterology hospitals in India include endoscopy, colonoscopy, liver biopsy, FibroScan, capsule endoscopy, MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography), and advanced imaging like CT and MRI.
Yes, most leading hospitals provide minimally invasive and laparoscopic surgeries, ensuring faster recovery, minimal scarring, and reduced post-operative pain.
Top gastroenterology hospitals in India have specialized pediatric gastroenterology units to treat conditions such as congenital anomalies, chronic gastrointestinal disorders, and pediatric liver diseases.
Yes, Indian hospitals are well-equipped to manage rare and advanced gastrointestinal diseases, including GI cancers, Wilson's disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and refractory Crohn's disease.
Hospitals typically use general anesthesia for major surgeries and local or conscious sedation for minor procedures like endoscopy. An experienced anesthesiologist monitors the patient throughout.
The cost of GI surgery in India varies by procedure, hospital, and city:
- Liver Transplant: USD 22,000 - 45,000
- Gastric Bypass Surgery: USD 6,000 - 8,000
- Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: USD 1,200 - 4,000
- Hernia Repair: USD 1,300 - 4,200
Gastro hospitals in India provide services such as visa assistance, airport pickups, multilingual interpreters, diet and recovery plans, and accommodation arrangements near the hospital.
Gastroenterology hospitals in India provide language interpreters to assist international patients. Languages commonly supported include Arabic, French, Russian, Spanish, African, English, and Hindi.
The wait time for GI surgeries in India is generally short. Elective surgeries are scheduled within one to two weeks, and emergency cases are handled immediately.
Yes, hospitals in India offer comprehensive post-treatment care, including dietary counseling, physiotherapy, and follow-up consultations to monitor recovery.
The success rate of GI surgeries in India is high, often exceeding 85–90%, particularly for common procedures like gallbladder removal, GERD treatments, and liver transplants.
Recovery time depends on the procedure. Minimally invasive surgeries typically require 1–3 weeks, while major surgeries like liver transplants may take 6–12 weeks for full recovery.
Post-treatment, Indian hospitals provide a customized dietary plan focused on improving digestion and avoiding triggers for recurrence. They also suggest lifestyle modifications, such as regular exercise, stress management, and avoiding alcohol or smoking.
Yes, many hospitals integrate holistic treatment options, such as yoga, meditation, and Ayurvedic remedies, alongside modern medical interventions to enhance recovery and manage chronic conditions.
The duration of stay in India depends on the treatment. Diagnostic visits typically require 3–7 days, minor procedures 7–10 days, and major surgeries 3–6 weeks.
Most hospitals accept international and domestic health insurance. To confirm, you can contact the hospital’s billing department or check with your insurance provider for network hospitals in India.
Visit the hospital’s official website or fill out the consultation form here to book your appointment at one of the best gastroenterology hospitals in India. Our dedicated medical counselor will then contact you and assist you with your treatment in India.
Yes, many gastroenterology hospitals in India offer second-opinion services. You can access these through online platforms, telemedicine, or in-person consultations with senior specialists.
Yes, teleconsultation is widely available at leading hospitals in India. These services are highly convenient for regular follow-up of international patients.
Hospitals in India accept payments via credit/debit cards, bank transfers, and wire transfers.